A number of studies have explored the main features of predatory practices that prevail in predatory academic journals and conferences. However, not much has been investigated regarding the ways predatory journal editors convey credibility and trustworthiness when addressing scholars looking for publication outlets and, more specifically, what interpersonal resources (like proximity or engagement markers) are used to persuade them. This study draws on a dataset of fifty email messages from predatory publishers collected during the past two years. It seeks to delve into the ways predatory journal editors address “scholar customers” with the aim of persuading them to submit their work. This dataset was first coded following Hyland’s models of proximity and interaction in academic texts, and then qualitatively analysed using NVivo 11 Pro. The analysis shows that (i) textual data provide direct evidence of the texts that predatory publishers send to scholars and the interpersonal dialogue they intend to build with authors in haste for publication; (ii) interactional resources abound, particularly engagement markers, which explicitly aim at building a rapport with the prospective author, and (iii) these predatory texts also contain other engagement-related elements directed to have an effect on the reader’s decision for eventual submission.

The aim of this chapter is to determine the needs of LSP teachers across the EHEA. It sets out to provide the results of the quantitative analysis of LSP teacher needs that has been conducted in the framework of the TRAILs project. It first explains the methodology that has been implemented and one of the instruments (a questionnaire survey) that has been used for the gathering of data – in this case, quantitative data. Then it provides details about the participants in this assessment process. LSP teacher education and professional development needs are listed and discussed in the last section.

De enorme podemos calificar la influencia de Coseriu en los estudios semánticos con relevantes aportaciones a numerosos problemas, no solo tradicionales, sino otros que en la actualidad se han desarrollado partiendo de sus presupuestos y que, en algunos casos, han derivado en la consolidación de nuevas perspectivas de análisis semántico o disciplinas en el marco de la lingüística moderna, como la formación de palabras, el variacionismo lingüístico, la dimensión sintagmática del léxico (la interfaz léxico-sintaxis), la lingüística del texto como semántica del hablar y del sentido, la fraseología o la terminología. En esta contribución, acometeremos la revisión de las bases epistemológicas de la lexemática coseriana, como disciplina restrictiva de la semántica y lexicología estructurales y el establecimiento de su evolución y repercusión posterior, con objeto de observar qué queda de ella en la actual semántica léxica.

Este volumen presenta un panorama actualizado de las investigaciones sobre terminología llevadas a cabo por el grupo de investigación Semaínein, centrado en los últimos años en la indagación de los usos terminológicos relacionados con la semántica y sus diferentes interfaces con otras disciplinas. De esta manera, las contribuciones que conforman la obra constituyen un compendio de avances y propuestas dirigido no solo a la mejora de la denominada práctica terminográfica general, al proporcionarse herramientas metodológicas y recursos para acometer su sistematización, sino también a integrar los conocimientos sobre esta disciplina, atendiendo tanto a sus múltiples conexiones con otros ámbitos científicos como a su registro e interpretación en las fuentes doctrinales y documentales. Para ello, se emplea un amplio corpus referencial de carácter metalingüístico y multilingüe, así como un exhaustivo cotejo de numerosos diccionarios de lingüística.

El análisis de la autoría refiere a un conjunto de técnicas cuyo objetivo principal es determinar quién es el autor de un texto. En los últimos años se está produciendo un desarrollo considerable de este tipo de trabajos, lo que está llevando a un rápido desarrollo de la disciplina. Este estudio recorre los orígenes del análisis de autoría, identifica sus campos de actuación y define sus fundamentos metodológicos actuales. Entre ellos se destaca el uso de la razón de verosimilitud como marco que permite mostrar la fuerza de la evidencia en el ámbito forense. A partir de un corpus de textos cortos electrónicos, se muestran los principales aspectos que deben resolverse para su correcta aplicación: la selección de rasgos, la adecuada caracterización del estilo de un autor a partir de ellos, y el cálculo de probabilidades y su interpretación.

This exploratory mixed-methods research involves an intra-/intergroup replication design
to analyse the classroom-situated willingness to communicate (WTC) in English foreign language (EFL) student teachers of early childhood education according to grouping, group member familiarity, and EFL proficiency. The novelty lies in the adaptation from face-to-face to virtual teaching while student teachers attended a didactics course at the University of Cádiz (Spain). Results show that there are no significant differences in WTC concerning teaching modality except for grouping. Conclusions
imply that classroom-situated WTC is not affected by teaching modality when instruction aims at language acquisition by fostering oral communicative interaction.

Modern societies tend to demand innovative learning modalities in which foreign languages are used to teach content subjects from very early educational stages. Education authorities in different geographical areas of the world are currently working to determine how bilingual teaching should be developed depending, along with many other factors, on the initial training of bilingual education teachers. On this basis, it is necessary to review how tertiary education institutions deal with the theoretical foundations and practical approaches necessary for this learning modality to train bilingual education teachers for primary schools. The Handbook of Research on Training Teachers for Bilingual Education in Primary Schools includes international experiences of teacher training for bilingual education in primary schools in which educators should be able to recognize themselves and identify concrete working formulas to apply in their daily work. Covering key topics such as teacher training, language learning, and primary education, this reference work is ideal for administrators, teacher trainers, policymakers, researchers, scholars, practitioners, academicians, instructors, and students.

The study aims to diagnose the sound pressure levels inside incubators in a controlled environment under free-field conditions. The tests were carried out in a semi-anechoic room under the standard UNE-EN ISO 3745:2012/A1:2018 in three different operating states: off, on, and on with a temperature alarm triggered. Sound pressure levels were analyzed in three different models of incubators, both inside and outside. The main noise indices analyzed were the corrected equivalent continuous level (LKeq) and the equivalent continuous level (Leq) in third-octave bands. The results obtained under normal operating conditions showed variations among the different incubators, with overall values between 48.8 and 56.3 dBA. The influence of the alarm considerably worsened these data. The values obtained showed that premature newborns are exposed to noise levels above international recommendations. All incubators tested showed the presence of tonal components, both outside and inside the incubator cabin, and, in some cases, low-frequency components, but no impulsivity components were observed in any case.

Esta monografía ofrece un modelo de integración de terminología y ontología para la representación y organización de una parcela de la comunicación especializada, concretamente del dominio de la seguridad de la navegación marítima a bordo del buque, con el objetivo de elaborar un recurso término-ontológico bilingüe (inglés-español). Este estudio viene a cubrir la carencia detectada de recursos terminográficos sobre la seguridad de la navegación marítima y aporta un procedimiento para la aplicación de las ontologías a las lenguas de especialidad. La obra consta de cuatro partes: en la primera, se exponen los conceptos clave en terminología y ontología y la metodología de elaboración de la término-ontología, la cual se describe pormenorizadamente en la segunda y tercera parte. Tras la formalización ontológica en la cuarta parte, se describe el tránsito del recurso ontológico a un glosario término-ontológico electrónico bilingüe, disponible en línea, que se acompaña. Este glosario basado en corpus está dirigido a profesionales de la navegación, el transporte marítimo y la industria naval, a docentes y estudiantes de titulaciones náuticas, así como a profesionales de las lenguas especializadas (profesores, traductores, intérpretes, redactores técnicos, etc.).

This study deals with the topography of power during the Umayyad reign in Cordoba. It is based on some historiographical elements and Arabic documentation. First, we will dwell on research on the city of Cordoba as the capital of Umayyad power carried out by historians, Arabists, and archaeologists, who have treated the subject according to specific methodological approaches. Then, we will look over some of Cordoba’s topographical spaces in relation to power in order to remember the emblematic places of the Umayyad state according to the written sources. The next step will be to understand other, what we call “virtual,” spaces of which nothing precise about their true location is known, despite representing fundamental places in the central administration, such as the ḥijāba and the wizāra. Finally, we will briefly comment on the end of the Umayyad dynasty and the transition towards the first Taifas and the Almoravid and Almohad periods.

Analyses of how wine experts use language to describe wine experience abound in academic works from different perspectives. However, little attention has been devoted to understanding the processes underlying wine discourse interpretation by general consumers, a large segment of the wine community that often lacks essential specific lexical and conceptual knowledge of the field. In this paper a proposal is built about how non-expert wine discourse interpretation develops. Based on Relevance theory together with a close analysis non-expert preferences and the specific design of the linguistic stimuli, we construct a hypothesis about the inferential nature of wine discourse interpretation and the lines along which this process could develop.

In this paper, we study the set L(m, r) of all numerical semigroups with multiplicity m and ratio r. In particular, we present some algorithms that compute all the elements of L(m, r) with a given genus or with a given Frobenius number.

The acoustic environment has been pointed out as a possible distractor during student activities in the online academic modality; however, it has not been specifically studied, nor has it been studied in relation to parameters frequently used in academic-quality evaluations. The objective of this study is to characterize the acoustic environment and relate it to students’ satisfaction with the online learning modality. For that, three artificial neural networks were calculated, using as target variables the students’ satisfaction and the noise interference with autonomous and synchronous activities, using acoustic variables as predictors. The data were obtained during the COVID-19 lockdown, through an online survey addressed to the students of the Universidad de Las Américas (Quito, Ecuador). Results show that the noise interference with comprehensive reading or with making exams and that the frequency of noises, which made the students lose track of the lesson, were relevant factors for students’ satisfaction. The perceived loudness also had a remarkable influence on engaging in autonomous and synchronous activities. The performance of the models on students’ satisfaction and on the noise interference with autonomous and synchronous activities was satisfactory given that it was built only with acoustic variables, with correlation coefficients of 0.567, 0.853, and 0.865, respectively.

Objectives: The acoustic frequencies present in an incubator are within the hearing range of a newborn; this requires adapting the environment so that the noise inside the incubator is more compatible with that range and facilitates proper hearing development. The objective of this study is to make a comparison, in thirds of an octave (frequency analysis), of the noise present in the NICU room and the interior space of the incubator, analyzing the ambient acoustic quality perceived by the newborn. Methods: The experiment carried out in this work consisted of two series of measurements of noise levels in the NICU of the “Puerta del Mar” University Hospital (Cádiz, Spain) and two selected incubators in the room. A third-octave frequency band analysis was performed within the audible field (20 Hz/20 kHz). Data were recorded at 1 s intervals for more than 24 h (3600 registers de 1 s.) Results and conclusions: One may wonder if noise levels inside incubators affect newborns. Based on existing references, the answer is probably “yes”, since the frequencies present inside an incubator are within the audible range of a newborn. According to the consulted bibliography, the audible range of neonates is between 400 Hz and 4 kHz. In this work, the acoustic measurements carried out in the NICU made it possible to evaluate the noise levels in the room and inside the incubators. According to the results, the indicator used LAeq, 1 h, should be complemented with a study in 1/3 octave bands (frequency analysis) to determine the acoustic quality and hearing protection of neonates.

Hay ciertos fenómenos lingüísticos de gran importancia en la semántica más actual cuya relevancia puede rastrearse, etapa tras etapa, desde finales del siglo XIX y durante todo el siglo XX. En este artículo queremos centrarnos en uno de ellos, esencial en la semántica de corte diacrónico: el cambio de significado causado por el contacto frecuente de palabras en un mismo contexto. Este fenómeno está detrás de dos conceptos fundamentales para la etapa de la semántica denominada “semántica histórica”, que se desarrollan tanto para la corriente francesa de esta etapa como para la alemana: el contagio, descrito por Michel Bréal, y la consociación, descrita por Hans Sperber. A la descripción de estos dos conceptos y su repercusión inmediata está dedicada la parte central de este trabajo. Sin embargo, este fenómeno empieza a ser tratado con más frecuencia a partir del momento en que Stephen Ullmann lo incluye en su clasificación de los cambios semánticos, como paso previo a la elipsis originada en combinatoria léxica. Desde esa clasificación es desde donde, posterior-mente, este tipo de cambio llega hasta los estudios cognitivistas sobre cambio semántico. En todo este camino, los orígenes del concepto han quedado un poco olvidados. Confiamos en que este artículo ayude a recuperarlos.

Se ha escrito mucho sobre la historia de Gibraltar, su contexto político y las relaciones entre Reino Unido y España en torno a este enclave, pero su situación lingüística es probablemente menos conocida. En Gibraltar la única lengua oficial es el inglés, y esta es, por tanto, la lengua del gobierno, la educación, los medios de comunicación y cualquier situación formal. En el ámbito familiar y entre amigos, en cambio, aparecen el español y el llanito, variedad híbrida en la que se alternan ambas lenguas. Qué es el llanito, cuándo se emplea y qué circunstancias explican su aparición son algunas de las preguntas a las que queremos responder.

Este artículo analiza la variación concepcional que presenta la comunicación en Twitter a partir de los parámetros descritos en el modelo de Koch/Oesterreicher ([1990] 2007). Tras exponer los fundamentos de la lingüística de las variedades y la posición que tiene la variación concepcional dentro de la cadena de variedades y tras revisar la presencia que ha tenido este modelo en los estudios de comunicación mediada por ordenador, se exponen las características concepcionales de la comunicación en Twitter. El análisis se centra especialmente en los parámetros comunicación pública/privada, familiaridad, referencialización y dialogicidad, en los que es necesario matizar las características distintivas de la comunicación en redes sociales frente a una comunicación prototípicamente inmediata como la conversación oral.